Policy Implementation of Sustainable Tourism Development Program in Manado City
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##
Published
Jan 21, 2022
Download
Statistic
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Sustainable tourism development requires stakeholder participation to ensure broad participation. Systematic policies in tourism development are needed, especially in realizing sustainable tourism development in the city of Manado. With the regulation of the Minister of Tourism Number 14 of 2016 concerning Guidelines for Sustainable Tourism Destinations which is supported by Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2020 concerning RIPPARDA, the purpose of this research is to explore the extent to which policies are implemented in the context of sustainable tourism development in Manado City. This study uses qualitative methods through a phenomenological approach with qualitative observations, qualitative interviews and qualitative documents. The results of current research, tourism in Manado City continues to be developed starting from tourist destination infrastructure, MSME locations are also revitalized by related parties, HR training both external and internal, coordination continues to be built with stakeholders in organizing tourism events, as well as participation from the community in provide criticism or input on the tourism development of Manado City, which is still at the consultation stage with the Manado City Tourism Office, as well as a decrease in Manado City's PAD which is dominated by the tourism sector due to the current COVID-19 pandemic.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
How to Cite
Muhammad, F. J., Irawati, R. I., & Halimah, M. (2022). Policy Implementation of Sustainable Tourism Development Program in Manado City. Enrichment : Journal of Management, 12(1), 1058-1070. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i1.359
References
Berman, P. (1980). “Thinking about Programmed and Adaptive Implementation: Matching Strategies to Situations.” In Why Policies Succed or Fail (pp. 205–227). SAGA Publications.
BPS Kota Manado. (2021). Kota Manado Dalam Angka (BPS Kota Manado (ed.)). BPS Kota Manado. https://manadokota.bps.go.id/
Brokaj, R., & Murati, M. (2014). Sustainable Tourism Development in Albania Through Stakeholders Involvement. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 3(2), 313–319. https://doi.org/10.5901 /ajis.2014.v3n2p313
Creswell, J. . (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3 Edition). SAGE Publications.
Dela Santa, E., & Saporsantos, J. (2016). Philippine Tourism Act of 2009: tourism policy formulation analysis from Multiple Streams. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 8(1), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2015.1047378
Dodds, R. (2007). Sustainable tourism and policy implementation: Lessons from the case of Calviá, Spain. Current Issues in Tourism, 10(4), 296–322. https://doi.org/10.2167/cit278.0
Farsari, Y., Butler, R., & Prastacos, P. (2007). Sustainable Tourism Policy for Mediterranean Destinations: Issues and Interrelationships. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 1(1), 58–78. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2007.013898
Grindle, M. S. (1980). Politics and Policy Implementation in the Third World (M. S. Grindle (ed.)). Princeton University Press.
Guo, Y., Jiang, J., & Li, S. (2019). A sustainable tourism policy research review. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(11), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113187
Hood, C. C., & Pressman, J. L. (1976). The Limits of Administration. American Political Science Review, 72(2), 734–735. https://doi.org/10.2307/1954203
Irawan, A. (2017). Implementation of Tourism Sector Development Policy through Demarketing in Improving SME in Banyuwangi. International Journal of Social and Local Economic Governance, 1(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijleg.2017.003.01.1
Ismet, E., & Abuhjeeleh, M. (2016). The Analysis of Tourism Policies by Different Governments and their Potential Implementation in North Cyprus Economy. Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs, 04(04). https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0761.1000221
Jørgensen, M. T., King, B. E., & Law, R. (2020). The impacts of China’s policy-making and legislation on outbound tourism–perspectives from long-haul intermediaries. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 12(1), 21–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2018.1505104
Kapera, I. (2018). Sustainable tourism development efforts by local governments in Poland. Sustainable Cities and Society, 17(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.05.001
Kemenpar. (2019). Rencana Strategis Kementerian Pariwisata 2018-2019.
Lester, J. P., Bowman, A. O. M., Goggin, M. L., & O’Toole, L. J. (1987). Public Policy Implementation: Evolution of the Field and Agenda for Future Research. Review of Policy Research, 7(1), 200–216. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.1987.tb00038.x
Maftuhah, D. I., & Wirjodirdjo, B. (2018). Model for developing five key pillars of sustainable tourism: A literature review. AIP Conference Proceedings, 4(9). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5042979
Matland, R. E. (1995). Synthesizing the Implementation Literature: The Ambiguity-Conflict Model of Policy Implementation. Public Administration Research and Theory, 5(2), 145–174. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1181674 .
Maynard-Moddy, S., Musheno, M., & Palumbo, D. (1990). Street-Wise Social Policy: Resolving the Dilemma of Street-Level Influence and Successful Implementation. Political Research Quarterly, 43(4), 833–848. https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299004300409
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook (R. Holland (ed.); Second Edi). SAGE Publications.
Minogue, M. (1993). Theory and Practice in Public Policy and Administration. In H. Hempsted (Ed.), The Policy Process : A Reader. Prentice Hall.
Mohammed, A. (2018). Tourism Development Policy Versus Practice in Ghana: the Case of Lake Bosomtwe Basin. European Scientific Journal March, 10(7), 1857–7881.
Obot, F., & Setyawan, D. (2017). Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Batu Dalam Mewujudkan Kota Pariwisata Berkelanjutan Yang Berwawasan Lingkungan. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 6(3), 113–120. https://publikasi.unitri.ac.id/index.php/fisip/article/view/1469
Sabatier, P., & Mazmanian, D. (1980). THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC POLICY: A FRAMEWORK OF ANALYSIS. Policy Studies Journal, 8(4), 538–560. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1980.tb01266.x
Spencer.Jr, L. ., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance (1st Editio). John Wiley & Sons.
Sulistyadi, Y., Eddyono, F., & Hasibuan, B. (2017). Model of Sustainable Tourism Development Strategy of the Thousand Islands Tourism Area – Jakarta. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 19(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.9734/jemt/2017/35989
Tuan, V. K., & Rajagopal, P. (2019). Analyzing Factors Affecting Tourism Sustainable. European Journal of Business and Innovation Research, 7(1), 30–42.
Van Meter, D. S., & Van Horn, C. E. (1975). The Policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework. Administration & Society, 6(4), 445–488. https://doi.org/10.1177/009539977500600404
Winengan. (2019). Local community resistance in Lombok against tourism development policy. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 32(1), 69–79. https://doi.org/http: //dx.doi.org/10.20473 /mkp.V32I12019.69-79
BPS Kota Manado. (2021). Kota Manado Dalam Angka (BPS Kota Manado (ed.)). BPS Kota Manado. https://manadokota.bps.go.id/
Brokaj, R., & Murati, M. (2014). Sustainable Tourism Development in Albania Through Stakeholders Involvement. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 3(2), 313–319. https://doi.org/10.5901 /ajis.2014.v3n2p313
Creswell, J. . (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3 Edition). SAGE Publications.
Dela Santa, E., & Saporsantos, J. (2016). Philippine Tourism Act of 2009: tourism policy formulation analysis from Multiple Streams. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 8(1), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2015.1047378
Dodds, R. (2007). Sustainable tourism and policy implementation: Lessons from the case of Calviá, Spain. Current Issues in Tourism, 10(4), 296–322. https://doi.org/10.2167/cit278.0
Farsari, Y., Butler, R., & Prastacos, P. (2007). Sustainable Tourism Policy for Mediterranean Destinations: Issues and Interrelationships. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 1(1), 58–78. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2007.013898
Grindle, M. S. (1980). Politics and Policy Implementation in the Third World (M. S. Grindle (ed.)). Princeton University Press.
Guo, Y., Jiang, J., & Li, S. (2019). A sustainable tourism policy research review. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(11), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113187
Hood, C. C., & Pressman, J. L. (1976). The Limits of Administration. American Political Science Review, 72(2), 734–735. https://doi.org/10.2307/1954203
Irawan, A. (2017). Implementation of Tourism Sector Development Policy through Demarketing in Improving SME in Banyuwangi. International Journal of Social and Local Economic Governance, 1(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijleg.2017.003.01.1
Ismet, E., & Abuhjeeleh, M. (2016). The Analysis of Tourism Policies by Different Governments and their Potential Implementation in North Cyprus Economy. Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs, 04(04). https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-0761.1000221
Jørgensen, M. T., King, B. E., & Law, R. (2020). The impacts of China’s policy-making and legislation on outbound tourism–perspectives from long-haul intermediaries. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 12(1), 21–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2018.1505104
Kapera, I. (2018). Sustainable tourism development efforts by local governments in Poland. Sustainable Cities and Society, 17(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.05.001
Kemenpar. (2019). Rencana Strategis Kementerian Pariwisata 2018-2019.
Lester, J. P., Bowman, A. O. M., Goggin, M. L., & O’Toole, L. J. (1987). Public Policy Implementation: Evolution of the Field and Agenda for Future Research. Review of Policy Research, 7(1), 200–216. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.1987.tb00038.x
Maftuhah, D. I., & Wirjodirdjo, B. (2018). Model for developing five key pillars of sustainable tourism: A literature review. AIP Conference Proceedings, 4(9). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5042979
Matland, R. E. (1995). Synthesizing the Implementation Literature: The Ambiguity-Conflict Model of Policy Implementation. Public Administration Research and Theory, 5(2), 145–174. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1181674 .
Maynard-Moddy, S., Musheno, M., & Palumbo, D. (1990). Street-Wise Social Policy: Resolving the Dilemma of Street-Level Influence and Successful Implementation. Political Research Quarterly, 43(4), 833–848. https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299004300409
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook (R. Holland (ed.); Second Edi). SAGE Publications.
Minogue, M. (1993). Theory and Practice in Public Policy and Administration. In H. Hempsted (Ed.), The Policy Process : A Reader. Prentice Hall.
Mohammed, A. (2018). Tourism Development Policy Versus Practice in Ghana: the Case of Lake Bosomtwe Basin. European Scientific Journal March, 10(7), 1857–7881.
Obot, F., & Setyawan, D. (2017). Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Batu Dalam Mewujudkan Kota Pariwisata Berkelanjutan Yang Berwawasan Lingkungan. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 6(3), 113–120. https://publikasi.unitri.ac.id/index.php/fisip/article/view/1469
Sabatier, P., & Mazmanian, D. (1980). THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC POLICY: A FRAMEWORK OF ANALYSIS. Policy Studies Journal, 8(4), 538–560. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1980.tb01266.x
Spencer.Jr, L. ., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance (1st Editio). John Wiley & Sons.
Sulistyadi, Y., Eddyono, F., & Hasibuan, B. (2017). Model of Sustainable Tourism Development Strategy of the Thousand Islands Tourism Area – Jakarta. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 19(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.9734/jemt/2017/35989
Tuan, V. K., & Rajagopal, P. (2019). Analyzing Factors Affecting Tourism Sustainable. European Journal of Business and Innovation Research, 7(1), 30–42.
Van Meter, D. S., & Van Horn, C. E. (1975). The Policy Implementation Process: A Conceptual Framework. Administration & Society, 6(4), 445–488. https://doi.org/10.1177/009539977500600404
Winengan. (2019). Local community resistance in Lombok against tourism development policy. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 32(1), 69–79. https://doi.org/http: //dx.doi.org/10.20473 /mkp.V32I12019.69-79